The
quinceanera is a social and
religious event in Spanish cultures that marks the transition of girls into
womanhood. It is a celebration of a girl's 15th birthday, an acknowledgement of
sexual maturity and an introduction of the girl into the larger, social world.
The term "quinceanera" comes from the Spanish "quince," meaning 15, and "anos,"
meaning years. This coming-of-age event usually is marked with a large
celebration for both the family and the community.
History of Quinceanera
Many theories about the origin of the quinceanera ritual exist, with some
dating to its origin in the height of the Aztec culture. Tribal cultures of
Meso-America, such as the Mayans and Toltecs, often celebrated the rites of
passage into adulthood with elaborate rituals that marked a change of
responsibilities and a readiness to leave childhood behind to take on the
heavier roles of warrior and father or wife and mother. These rituals were
melded into religious rituals brought by Spanish missionaries, according to the
U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. By the 1930s, these elaborate rites of
passage became accepted social practice in Hispanic communities throughout the
United States to connect Spanish descendents with their cultural heritage and
cement community ties in their adopted country.
Features of the Quinceanera
Quinceanera rituals often feature lavish clothing, jewelry, entertainment and
gifts. The quinceanera "crown" with the number "15" is part of the generally
accepted costume. Elaborate gowns and formal attire for the males is part of the
accepted etiquette.
Fifteen young men and women, family or friends of the young girl attend her
as a "court" for processions in church and attendance at the party. Symbolic
objects might include a "kneeling pillow" marked with the young woman's name,
high heels for the "changing of the shoes" symbolizing the change in status and
the "last doll," which symbolizes leaving childhood behind, according to
QuinceaneraBoutique.
Social Customs
The quinceanera celebration often features a dinner and dance, to which all
friends and family of the young girl are invited. It is a time for fun and
renewal of family and community ties. Expensive gifts are given to the young
woman to mark the occasion. A special choreographed dance performed by the young
woman and her "court" often is done at the reception. A toast to the young woman
with specially decorated champagne glasses also is given. Professional photos
also sometimes are obtained to remember the event.
